SQL Server Log File Growth

SQL Server database contains data files and transaction log files. The transaction log file stores the details of all the modifications that are performed in the SQL Server database.  When a transaction log file grows until the log file uses all the available disk space and cannot expand any more, we can no longer perform any data modification operations on your database. Additionally, SQL Server may mark your database as suspect because of the lack of space for the transaction log expansion.

The following are the major causes for the abnormal growth of the transaction log:

-  Due to Uncommitted transactions

-  Due to Index operations

-  Due to Replication

Please refer to the below link for detail:

http://deepakrangarajan.blogspot.com/2008/01/log-file-growth-in-sql-server.html