Is there an official procedure to analyze hardware problems on systems with linux preinstalled.
On windows there used to be programs that one could run that would test the hardware. Is there
anything similar for linux?

I just got a XPS 13 9350 and the short story is that essentially nothing works.

Audio works sometimes 

Wifi works sometimes

Screen is black after resume sometimes

First I was quite shocked that the linux support was so bad considering how long project sputnik has been going on but perhaps it is just that my hardware is broken.