PowerEdge: Utili query "NVIDIA-SMI" per la risoluzione dei problemi

Summary: Questo articolo mostra utili query "NVIDIA-SMI" per la risoluzione dei problemi della scheda GPU NVIDIA.

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Instructions

Versione VBIOS

Eseguire una query sulla versione VBIOS di ciascun dispositivo:

$ nvidia-smi --query-gpu=gpu_name,gpu_bus_id,vbios_version --format=csv

name, pci.bus_id, vbios_version
GRID K2, 0000:87:00.0, 80.04.D4.00.07
GRID K2, 0000:88:00.0, 80.04.D4.00.08

 

Query Description
timestamp The timestamp of where the query was made in format "YYYY/MM/DD HH:MM:SS.msec".
gpu_name The official product name of the GPU. 
This is an alphanumeric string. For all products.
gpu_bus_id PCI bus id as "domain:bus:device.function", in hex.
vbios_version The BIOS of the GPU board.

Query sulle metriche GPU per la registrazione lato host

Questa query è utile per monitorare le metriche GPU lato hypervisor.

Questa query funziona sia per ESXi che per XenServer:

$ nvidia-smi --query-gpu=timestamp,name,pci.bus_id,driver_version,pstate,pcie.link.gen.max,
pcie.link.gen.current,temperature.gpu,utilization.gpu,utilization.memory,
memory.total,memory.free,memory.used --format=csv -l 5
Quando si aggiungono ulteriori parametri a una query, assicurarsi che non vengano aggiunti spazi tra le opzioni delle query.
Query Description
timestamp The timestamp of where the query was made in format "YYYY/MM/DD HH:MM:SS.msec".
name The official product name of the GPU. 
This is an alphanumeric string. For all products.
pci.bus_id PCI bus id as "domain:bus:device.function", in hex.
driver_version The version of the installed NVIDIA display driver. 
This is an alphanumeric string.
pstate The current performance state for the GPU. States range from P0 (maximum performance) to P12 (minimum performance).
pcie.link.gen.max The maximum PCI-E link generation possible with this GPU and system configuration. 
For example, if the GPU supports a higher PCIe generation than the system supports then this reports the system PCIe generation.
pcie.link.gen.current The current PCI-E link generation. These may be reduced when the GPU is not in use.
temperature.gpu Core GPU temperature. in degrees C.

utilization.gpu

Percent of time over the past sample period during which one or more kernels was executing on the GPU.
The sample period may be between 1 second and 1/6 second depending on the product.

utilization.memory

Percent of time over the past sample period during which global (device) memory was being read or written.
The sample period may be between 1 second and 1/6 second depending on the product.

memory.total

 Total installed GPU memory.

memory.free

 Total free memory.

memory.used

 Total memory allocated by active contexts.

È possibile ottenere un elenco completo degli argomenti della query eseguendo: nvidia-smi --help-query-gpu

nvidia-smi Utilizzo per la registrazione

Registrazione a breve termine

Aggiungere l'opzione "-f <filename>" per reindirizzare l'output a un file.

Anteporre "timeout -t <seconds>" per eseguire la query per <seconds> e interrompere la registrazione.

Assicurarsi che la granularità delle query sia dimensionata in modo appropriato per l'uso richiesto:

 

Purpose nvidia-smi "-l" value interval timeout "-t" value Duration
Fine-grain GPU behavior 5 5 seconds 600 10 minutes
General GPU behavior 60 1 minute 3600 1 hour
Broad GPU behavior 3600 1 hour 86400 24 hours

 

Registrazione a lungo termine

Creare uno script della shell per automatizzare la creazione del file di registro con i dati di timestamp aggiunti al nome file e ai parametri di query.

Aggiunta di una personalizzazione cron lavoro per /var/spool/cron/crontabs per richiamare lo script agli intervalli richiesti.

COMANDI DI BASSO LIVELLO AGGIUNTIVI UTILIZZATI PER CLOCK E ALIMENTAZIONE

Abilita la modalità "Persistenza".

Tutte le impostazioni seguenti per orologi e alimentazione vengono reimpostate tra un'esecuzione del programma e l'altra, a meno che non si abiliti la modalità di persistenza (PM) per il driver.

Inoltre, il nvidia-smi il comando viene eseguito più velocemente se è abilitata la modalità PM.

nvidia-smi -pm 1 - Fare in modo che l'orologio, l'alimentazione e altre impostazioni persistano tra le esecuzioni del programma e le chiamate dei driver.

Orologi

Command Detail
nvidia-smi -ac <MEM clock, Graphics clock>   View clocks supported
nvidia-smi –q –d SUPPORTED_CLOCKS Set one of supported clocks
nvidia-smi -q –d CLOCK View current clock
nvidia-smi --auto-boost-default=ENABLED -i 0    Enable boosting GPU clocks (K80 and later)
nvidia-smi --rac                                                             Reset clocks back to base

Alimentazione

nvidia-smi –pl N  Set power cap (maximum wattage the GPU will use)
nvidia-smi -pm 1 Enable persistence mode
nvidia-smi stats -i <device#> -d pwrDraw Command that provides continuous monitoring of detail stats such as power
nvidia-smi --query-gpu=index, timestamp,power.draw,clocks.sm,clocks.mem,clocks.gr --format=csv -l 1 Continuously provide time stamped power and clock

Altri comandi utili 

Comando Descrizione
nvidia-smi -q Query all the GPUs seen by the driver and display all readable attributes for a GPU.
nvidia-smi Displays current GPU status, driver information and host of other statistics.
nvidia-smi -l Scrolls the output of nvidia-smi continuously until stopped. 
nvidia-smi --query gpu=index,timestamp,power.draw,clocks.sm,clocks.mem,clocks.gr --format=csv Continuously provides time stamped power and clock information.
nvidia-smi --query-gpu=gpu_name,gpu_bus_id,vbios_version --format=csv Query the VBIOS version of each GPU in a system.
lspci -n | grep 10de Determines if the GPU is in compute mode or graphics mode.
nvidia-smi nvlink -s -i<device#> Displays NVLink state for a specific GPU.
gpuswitchmode --listgpumodes Displays the capability of GRID 2.0 cards and switching between compute and graphics. The package is not in the normal CUDA or NVIDIA driver.
nvidia-smi -h Displays the smi commands and syntax form.
nvidia-bug-report.sh Pulls out a bug report which is sent to Level 3 support technician/NVIDIA.
nvidia-smi --query-retired-pages=gpu_uuid,retired_pages.address,retired_page.cause --format=csv Pulls out retired pages, GPU UUID, page fault address and the cause of page fault.
nvidia-smi stats Displays device statistics.
nvcc --version Shows installed CUDA version.
nvidia-smi pmon Displays process statistics in scrolling format.
nvidia-smi nvlink -c -i<device#> Displays NVLink capabilities for a specific GPU.
gpuswitchmode --gpumode graphics Changes the personality of the GPU to graphics from compute (M6 and M60 GPUs).
gpuswitchmode --gpumode compute Changes the personality of the GPU to compute from graphics (M6 and M60 GPUs).

Affected Products

PowerEdge XR2, OEMR R640, OEMR R650, OEMR R650xs, OEMR R6525, OEMR R660, OEMR XL R660, OEMR R660xs, OEMR R6625, OEMR R740, OEMR XL R740, OEMR R740xd, OEMR XL R740xd, OEMR R740xd2, OEMR R7425, OEMR R750, OEMR R750xa, OEMR R750xs, OEMR R7525, OEMR R760 , OEMR R760xa, OEMR R760XD2, OEMR XL R760, OEMR R760xs, OEMR R7625, OEMR R840, OEMR R860, OEMR R940, OEMR R940xa, OEMR R960, OEMR T440, OEMR T550, OEMR T560, OEMR T640, OEMR XL R660xs, OEMR XL R6625, OEMR XL R6725, OEMR XL R760xs, OEMR XL R7625, OEMR XL R7725, OEMR XR11, OEMR XR12, OEMR XR5610, OEMR XR7620, PowerEdge HS5610, PowerEdge HS5620, PowerEdge R640, PowerEdge R6415, PowerEdge R650, PowerEdge R650xs, PowerEdge R6525, PowerEdge R660, PowerEdge R660xs, PowerEdge R6625, PowerEdge R670, PowerEdge R740, PowerEdge R740XD, PowerEdge R740XD2, PowerEdge R7425, PowerEdge R750, PowerEdge R750XA, PowerEdge R750xs, PowerEdge R7525, PowerEdge R760, PowerEdge R760XA, PowerEdge R760xd2, PowerEdge R760xs, PowerEdge R7625, PowerEdge R770, PowerEdge R7725, PowerEdge R840, PowerEdge R860, PowerEdge R940, PowerEdge R940xa, PowerEdge R960, PowerEdge T440, PowerEdge T550, PowerEdge T560, PowerEdge T640, PowerEdge XR11, PowerEdge XR12, PowerEdge XR5610, PowerEdge XR7620 ...
Article Properties
Article Number: 000190243
Article Type: How To
Last Modified: 22 Jul 2025
Version:  3
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