XPS 15 9560 bios update 1.16.0 issues

I updated my laptop to the latest BIOS version, 1.16.0, after my system had told me it was "urgent". However, like others, I had this issue with TPM. I also had a second issue where I got an error.

    There was a problem with a device connected to your PC

    An unexpected I/O error has occurred

    File: \windows\system32\winload.efi
    Error code: 0xc00000e9

    This problem can happen when a removable storage device is removed whilst it's in use or is failing...

So I rolled back to an earlier version, 1.14.3. This solved the TPM issue, but not the second one. At this point, I assumed it was the winload file that was corrupt, so I reformated my hard drive but the issue still persists. I have also tried entering the "Recovery environment" and attempting automated repairs but they made no difference.

The issue appears to happen randomly. On some boots, it boots fine. On others, it shows this message.

Has the bios upgrade somehow damaged my hard drive? What can I do to resolve this issue?

I really appreciate any help with resolving the issue.