Repeated crashes from uncertain hardware issue

Hello,

I've been suffering through repeated BSOD on the Windows 10 of my Dell Inspiron, and I've been struggling to figure out if the issue can be fixed or if I need to buy a new laptop. Here are the facts I know:

-The exact error code is UNEXPECTED KERNEL MODE and WHEA UNCORRECTABLE ERROR, which interchange randomly

-Wiping out everything on the Windows partition, then reinstalling Windows 10, still crashes

-Safe Mode and loading a different operating system like Ubuntu does not crash

-Plugging the hard drive into a different PC does not crash

-Replacing the RAM module still crashes

-Crashes occur completely randomly, no direct action causes it to happen, within a matter of minutes after logging in

-However, how frequently crashes occur is proportional to programs installing and running on the PC. The fewer programs running on the PC, the longer it lasts before crashing, sometimes as long as hours

My general thought process trying to fix the PC basically has gone like this:

-Some issue in the OS: impossible, since replacing the OS still crashes

-An issue with the disk itself: impossible, since plugging the disk in a different PC doesn't crash

-An issue with RAM: impossible, since replacing the RAM still crashes

So what hardware module or procedure should I try investigating next? I really wish I had some easy way of isolating which hardware module is causing this crashing so I don't just randomly replace each part one by one and expect something to work. Like, online troubleshooting for the Windows stop codes are extremely generic "a hardware module failed. Solution is to replace the hardware that failed." But which one??

The PC is only two years old and otherwise works perfectly fine, so I can't imagine its a situation to dump the PC and buy a new one, which would be a lot of money anyhow.