PowerEdge: Hvordan sjekke, validere og konvertere SSL-sertifikat ved hjelp av OpenSSL- og Keytool-kommandoer

摘要: Hvordan sjekke, validere og konvertere SSL-sertifikater ved hjelp av OpenSSL og Keytool. Denne artikkelen inneholder kommandoer for PEM-, DER-, PKCS12- og sertifikatkontroller av fingeravtrykk. ...

本文章適用於 本文章不適用於 本文無關於任何特定產品。 本文未識別所有產品版本。
查看其他資源

說明

Slik viser du innholdet i et sertifikat:

  • Kommando for å vise sertifikatinnhold i OpenSSL:
$ openssl x509 -in <cert_file_name> -noout -text
Eksempel på utdata: 
$ openssl x509 -in sin1091.cer -noout -text
Certificate:
    Data:
        Version: 3 (0x2)
        Serial Number:
            dd:a5:5c:60:f9:b7:16:9e
    Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
        Issuer: CN=CA, DC=vsphere, DC=local, C=US, ST=California, O=sin1090, OU=VMware
        Validity
            Not Before: May 24 10:29:00 2017 GMT
            Not After : Feb 19 12:22:39 2027 GMT
        Subject: CN=sin1091.eu.degussanet.com, C=US
        Subject Public Key Info:
            Public Key Algorithm: rsaEncryption
                Public-Key: (2048 bit)
                Modulus:
                    00:c3:24:d9:23:08:32:ca:0e:f9:60:58:f0:8b:04:
                    6e:db:73:b1:83:a1:73:44:09:30:d7:64:6e:2f:26:
                    e5:87:fd:b9:f3:e6:10:78:32:f5:7c:8b:7f:c1:06:
                    d5:d1:42:d3:d8:e0:d0:84:91:c8:1c:4e:7e:2b:af:
                    65:36:5e:87:b0:43:4c:fa:ae:ca:c3:23:2d:75:15:
                    6a:d5:5f:66:6b:40:f6:c5:48:7a:8d:e5:f1:dd:4e:
                    aa:eb:89:65:8a:7e:69:eb:35:4f:75:56:88:24:48:
                    c7:9b:19:fb:39:43:ee:8a:bb:f5:1a:9b:b5:a3:47:
                    b1:60:ee:9a:72:f6:7b:d0:1f:ed:73:64:5f:e9:60:
                    75:64:03:25:a3:41:38:6d:06:22:dc:22:70:ae:9d:
                    b5:f8:26:7a:8e:d6:05:b1:97:67:89:ac:2c:b3:83:
                    8b:31:33:a8:7e:30:58:2c:10:42:ef:b6:05:98:ca:
                    6c:01:c9:47:9e:01:6e:be:c6:bc:cd:9f:e8:bc:8f:
                    94:70:f1:21:af:ae:b4:fd:76:db:a7:88:fc:e5:d7:
                    ea:08:eb:58:b9:41:37:af:7b:ec:f8:a1:b0:09:a7:
                    b9:b7:18:5b:a7:8e:b9:2f:b0:71:2a:3d:46:8b:c6:
                    4a:23:43:d9:21:94:2e:0e:e9:40:07:61:22:2e:b4:
                    08:27
                Exponent: 65537 (0x10001)
        X509v3 extensions:
            X509v3 Subject Alternative Name:
                DNS:sin1091.eu.degussanet.com
            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier:
                D7:4D:DB:D4:00:3A:45:A8:4E:5E:9A:60:DB:C0:94:EA:C0:94:75:DC
            X509v3 Authority Key Identifier:
                keyid:5F:81:58:14:37:20:61:1D:BC:47:F2:97:AF:39:45:F0:A5:A9:19:F4

    Signature Algorithm: sha256WithRSAEncryption
         99:9c:b1:e5:b2:9d:b1:ef:65:8f:3b:de:87:16:01:6e:bb:a2:
         37:cc:13:28:a2:a1:0b:88:04:c8:85:d0:34:19:d0:3d:41:e4:
         d3:6f:54:6f:ce:0d:25:a5:f1:c4:8e:cd:e3:e4:ca:92:1f:67:
         3a:bd:27:21:59:37:67:a6:71:53:a4:ab:e5:d4:2c:a4:8f:a4:
         f3:c9:de:6f:5f:f5:80:38:3f:9e:87:24:c7:dc:9e:d3:45:93:
         a1:4e:31:db:20:df:84:86:06:c8:39:21:9d:04:57:1f:a2:17:
         9b:e4:c7:77:61:73:9b:fe:b2:ac:66:ad:14:50:3a:82:65:10:
         3d:bc:15:0b:08:60:79:c1:d1:55:28:25:a4:9b:95:ae:c3:52:
         31:66:e9:a3:08:57:4c:ff:5a:ac:5e:09:6c:89:5b:cc:43:ad:
         0a:e5:dd:b7:8a:6a:be:e7:52:e9:cf:c9:4a:38:77:05:4c:00:
         ca:22:2e:e8:8d:a2:37:da:38:bc:5e:ce:2d:aa:5d:44:c8:58:
         cb:7e:a4:be:fb:0b:b3:b4:88:66:ed:8b:ac:41:b8:8d:8b:48:
         e5:1a:8e:45:ba:be:42:a3:39:07:85:f5:09:91:c3:38:d5:bf:
         73:3d:ba:6c:5c:cf:bc:4b:f9:3e:7b:9c:a6:bb:2b:10:c4:87:
         76:35:f1:0d
  • Kommando for å vise sertifikater eller nøkkelpar som er lagret i et nøkkellager ved hjelp av nøkkelverktøyet. PrivateKeyEntry betyr at den lagrer både private nøkkel- og sertifikatkjedeoppføringer. TrustedCertEntry betyr at den bare lagrer pålitelige sertifikat- og sertifikatkjedeoppføringer: 
$ keytool -list -v -in <keystore_file_name>
Eksempel på utdata
* * * * * *
*  
Alias name: vcenter_ca
Creation date: Mar 31, 2023
Entry type: trustedCertEntry

Owner: CN=vc.x400.sh, OU=Dell EMC, O=Dell EMC, L=Shanghai, ST=Shanghai, C=CN
Issuer: CN=vc.x400.sh, OU=Dell EMC, O=Dell EMC, L=Shanghai, ST=Shanghai, C=CN
Serial number: 840f560790ff8a93
Valid from: Fri Mar 31 18:51:25 CST 2023 until: Sat Mar 30 18:51:25 CST 2024
Certificate fingerprints:
         SHA1: 69:F4:39:70:C8:A4:EC:64:C1:46:04:81:44:A1:30:3C:A9:71:12:D0
         SHA256: 6C:D7:62:58:BE:AC:A3:D7:25:84:1F:65:93:23:4C:35:5F:25:B6:D2:A0:67:A1:FD:8C:A9:62:3A:D9:0E:24:D3
Signature algorithm name: SHA256withRSA
Subject Public Key Algorithm: 3072-bit RSA key
Version: 3
* * * * * *
* 

Slik viser du sertifikatfingeravtrykk eller tommelavtrykk:

  • Kommandoen for å vise et sertifikatfingeravtrykk i OpenSSL som standard er sha1-fingeravtrykk i OpenSSL. Kontroller at du bruker den samme hash-algoritmen når du sammenligner med et annet sertifikat:
$ openssl x509 -in <certificate file> -noout -fingerprint [-sha1 or -sha256 or -sha512]

Eksempel på utdata:

$ openssl x509 -in server.pem -noout -fingerprint
SHA1 Fingerprint=DD:48:AE:B1:D5:7D:DF:B9:A4:B3:A9:4A:C4:CF:76:6C:C1:CE:3A:C9
  • Kommando for å vise sertifikatfingeravtrykk i nøkkelverktøyet som standard er sha256:
$ keytool -list -keystore <keystore file> 

Eksempel på utdata:

$ keytool -list -keystore mykeystore.p12 -storepass Idpa_1234
Keystore type: PKCS12
Keystore provider: JsafeJCE

Your keystore contains 3 entries

website, Mar 31, 2023, trustedCertEntry,
Certificate fingerprint (SHA-256): E8:16:50:4E:9A:F1:48:7F:8E:12:8B:C2:51:DD:45:7B:26:0D:5F:81:49:17:77:3F:35:6F:B2:8E:2B:A0:12:42
tomcat, Mar 31, 2023, PrivateKeyEntry,
Certificate fingerprint (SHA-256): CD:CD:9B:3A:9A:78:CF:3C:B8:5A:21:AF:9B:BF:4B:3F:1B:7F:91:D0:38:6B:FF:14:23:FB:8E:46:AE:90:9D:E0
vcenter_ca, Mar 31, 2023, trustedCertEntry,
Certificate fingerprint (SHA-256): 6C:D7:62:58:BE:AC:A3:D7:25:84:1F:65:93:23:4C:35:5F:25:B6:D2:A0:67:A1:FD:8C:A9:62:3A:D9:0E:24:D3

Slik konverterer du sertifikat og privat nøkkel mellom forskjellige formater:

  • Konverter sertifikatformat fra DER til PEM:
$ openssl x509 -in <certificate file in DER format> -inform DER -out <certificate file in PEM format>
  • Konvertere sertifikatformat fra PKCS7til PEM
$ openssl pkcs7 -print_certs -in <certificate file in PKCS7 format> -inform DER -out <certificate file in PEM format>
  • Konverter sertifikat og privat nøkkelformat fra PKCS12 til PEM.
(Den første kommandoen er å pakke ut sertifikatfilen i et PEM-format, den andre kommandoen er å pakke ut privat nøkkelfil i et PEM-format.) 
$ openssl pkcs12 -in <certificate file in PKCS12 format> -name <alias name> -nokeys -out <certificate file in PEM format>

$ openssl pkcs12 -in <certificate file in PKCS12 format> -name <alias name> -nodes -nocerts -out <private key file in PEM format>
  • Konvertere sertifikat- eller privatnøkkelparfiler fra PEM til PKCS12-nøkkellager
(I dette eksemplet er PEM-sertifikatfilen server.crt, privatnøkkelfil er server.key, nøkkellageraliaset er satt til "mykeypair," og pkcs12 keystore-filen er mykeystore.p12) 
$ openssl pkcs12 -export -in <certificate file in PEM format> -inkey <private key file in PEM format> -name <alias name> -out <keystore file in PKCS12 format>

Hvordan validere et sertifikat i HTTPS-håndtrykk ved hjelp av OpenSSL.

  • Bruk en av følgende kommandoer til å validere sertifikatet:
$ openssl s_client -CApath <path_to_certs> -connect <VC_FQDN>:443 -showcerts
Or
$ openssl s_client -CApath <path_to_certs> -host <VC_FQDN> -port:443 -showcerts
Resultatet er at denne kommandoen er ferdig med å kjøre (denne kommandoen kan ta litt tid å fullføre kjøringen): 
$ openssl s_client -CApath /tmp/certs/ -connect 10.10.10.100:443 -showcerts
CONNECTED(00000104)
---
Certificate chain
 0 s:/CN=vc18.externalvc.com/C=US
   i:/CN=CA/DC=vsphere/DC=local/C=US/ST=California/O=psc18.externalvc.com/OU=VMware
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDoDCCAoigAwIBAgIJAM/DCNs2KXy+MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAMIGPMQswCQYD
VQQDDAJDQTEXMBUGCgmSJomT8ixkARkWB3ZzcGhlcmUxFTATBgoJkiaJk/IsZAEZ
FgVsb2NhbDELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxEzARBgNVBAgMCkNhbGlmb3JuaWExHTAbBgNV
BAoMFHBzYzE4LmV4dGVybmFsdmMuY29tMQ8wDQYDVQQLDAZWTXdhcmUwHhcNMTcw
NjMwMDUzOTE4WhcNMjcwNjI1MDUzNDI0WjArMRwwGgYDVQQDDBN2YzE4LmV4dGVy
bmFsdmMuY29tMQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzCCASIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADggEPADCC
AQoCggEBAL1X4Skcl6kjCw3I2vJqvOTFwdQXL87/EqQkuhKfOy87+lo78jdobtAj
CqtSV8bszbiJAEftZEWkX6OF45tM1fBmMvuDUMw4rFqV6q0vuBd1LE94SQQIrkb6
ze/U+EyDX2eIPWGL63f4XoGLfrx/hxHxGDhLpZBMUiUi7ccIlduNHRjJaW7HDorI
g/ABHX2xhU4Sf+E5KWO5INByvtiyVabiUGeDt+9foX78aSvvmsqonW+Bq3yJi65R
m2FOxsXNSLMbtdQ/aS6vCl5LYu7Snku6vAfloDNX5grUhU/iHdxXHkAFAXLIzQPt
FK92P8zBLykDwP+cLzud/KO9CfqskPUCAwEAAaNiMGAwHgYDVR0RBBcwFYITdmMx
OC5leHRlcm5hbHZjLmNvbTAdBgNVHQ4EFgQUpXe8h597EnWIks76bOf9y+51/lYw
HwYDVR0jBBgwFoAU3tDxXouzxNX7qfWfrBTRHdo+Pu8wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQELBQAD
ggEBAHvy40eQ2I8eUFFvEOng2MFAbJH3ZZs2I3w0XuyAMosO4Sw0JYo0hhDLBBZ1
Fw7IyRj6jtbvI3UlPLq6NofJUaweo5aphlSPxmbZSl/DcteS4pusujv4lT/h9J95
dc0KrFR7abX9rsv0nQQ78wrzE5CUva6TkXOQKg8oxaachYPwKi0zR1vFR56jTt9f
Hq9Z1lXYkg4JzSu+H4diOs/KNKZYiU+QsD+94I2GjopajYWVSTBkiGAOObG2/inb
L2UJW2rK3PASm2M8+x92V0hqlkxBYcvQpjEjuJep2+Ah6iuQIgW21OForIPxqbcu
PD5PwMn6eV4mVP7/mWdAfkGtY8I=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
---
Server certificate
subject=/CN=vc18.externalvc.com/C=US
issuer=/CN=CA/DC=vsphere/DC=local/C=US/ST=California/O=psc18.externalvc.com/OU=VMware
---
No client certificate CA names sent
Peer signing digest: SHA512
Server Temp Key: ECDH, P-256, 256 bits
---
SSL handshake has read 1412 bytes and written 434 bytes
---
New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384
Server public key is 2048 bit
Secure Renegotiation IS supported
Compression: NONE
Expansion: NONE
No ALPN negotiated
SSL-Session:
    Protocol  : TLSv1.2
    Cipher    : ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384
    Session-ID:
    Session-ID-ctx:
    Master-Key: 70FD868AA56807820DDAC23C2FAB3F2C1A5C683426F2924AEE8D9B52EBCD3F256EC4892D281F90F0F32A2A1C7DD0FB01
    Key-Arg   : None
    PSK identity: None
    PSK identity hint: None
    SRP username: None
    Start Time: 1500280372
    Timeout   : 300 (sec)
    Verify return code: 0 (ok)
---
depth=1 CN = CA, DC = vsphere, DC = local, C = US, ST = California, O = psc18.externalvc.com, OU = VMware
verify return:1
depth=0 CN = vc18.externalvc.com, C = US
verify return:1
read:errno=0
Eksempel på feil utgang: 
$ openssl s_client -CApath /tmp/certs/ -host 10.62.91.64 -port 443 -showcerts
CONNECTED(00000124)
---
Certificate chain
 0 s:/CN=vc18.externalvc.com/C=US
   i:/CN=CA/DC=vsphere/DC=local/C=US/ST=California/O=psc18.externalvc.com/OU=VMware
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
---
Server certificate
subject=/CN=vc18.externalvc.com/C=US
issuer=/CN=CA/DC=vsphere/DC=local/C=US/ST=California/O=psc18.externalvc.com/OU=VMware
---
No client certificate CA names sent
Peer signing digest: SHA512
Server Temp Key: ECDH, P-256, 256 bits
---
SSL handshake has read 1412 bytes and written 434 bytes
---
New, TLSv1/SSLv3, Cipher is ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384
Server public key is 2048 bit
Secure Renegotiation IS supported
Compression: NONE
Expansion: NONE
No ALPN negotiated
SSL-Session:
    Protocol  : TLSv1.2
    Cipher    : ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384
    Session-ID:
    Session-ID-ctx:
    Master-Key: 85731E71188EF310D68C658099C62C11374845CAF00A0AF90F8B35118171C7D0002A76380AB2B4574C720DB178FA3297
    Key-Arg   : None
    PSK identity: None
    PSK identity hint: None
    SRP username: None
    Start Time: 1500281143
    Timeout   : 300 (sec)
    Verify return code: 21 (unable to verify the first certificate)
---
depth=0 CN = vc18.externalvc.com, C = US
verify error:num=20:unable to get local issuer certificate
verify return:1
depth=0 CN = vc18.externalvc.com, C = US
verify error:num=21:unable to verify the first certificate
verify return:1
read:errno=0

Slik validerer du vCenter-sertifikatet frakoblet:

Hvis du ikke kan koble til vCenter og verifisere på nett, kan du eksportere vCenter-sertifikatet fra nettleseren og lagre det i en fil for validering.

  1. Konverter filen fra DER til PEM-format.
  2. Bruk følgende kommando for å validere:
$openssl verify -CApath <path_to_certs> <certificate_file>

 

MERK: Denne kommandoen godtar bare sertifikatfilen for PEM-format som mål.


Slik validerer du et privat eller offentlig nøkkelpar ved hjelp av OpenSSL:

  • Beregn en hash-verdi for en privat nøkkelmodul:
$ openssl rsa -modulus -noout -in <private key file> | openssl md5
  • Beregn en hash-verdi for sertifikatmodulen:
$ openssl x509 -modulus -noout -in <certificate file> | openssl md5

Hvis de to hash-strengene er de samme, betyr det at nøkkelparet samsvarer. Ellers er det ikke et gyldig nøkkelpar.

Eksempel på utdata:

openssl rsa -modulus -noout -in server.key | openssl md5
(stdin)= b69cd7fc0b07ffef0a577e1e325ab015

openssl x509 -modulus -noout -in server.crt | openssl md5
(stdin)= b69cd7fc0b07ffef0a577e1e325ab015

其他資訊

Ytterligere informasjon:

  • Lær om forskjellige SSL-sertifikatformater på TutorialsTeacherDenne hyperkoblingen tar deg til et nettsted utenfor Dell Technologies..
  • Slik bruker du testssl kommando.
Testssl er et gratis kommandolinjeverktøy som kontrollerer en servers tjeneste på hvilken som helst port for støtte fra TLS / SSL-chiffer, protokoller samt nylige kryptografiske feil og mer. Hvis du vil ha mer informasjon, kan du gå til Teste TLS/SSL-krypteringDenne hyperkoblingen tar deg til et nettsted utenfor Dell Technologies..

受影響的產品

Microsoft Windows Server 2016, Microsoft Windows Server 2019, Microsoft Windows Server 2022, Microsoft Windows Server 2025, Red Hat Enterprise Linux Version 7, Red Hat Enterprise Linux Version 9, Red Hat Enterprise Linux Version 8 , SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15, Ubuntu Server LTS, VMware ESXi 7.x, VMware ESXi 8.x ...

產品

Converged Infrastructure, Data Center Infrastructure, Desktops & All-in-Ones, Gateways & Embedded PCs, Electronics & Accessories, Laptops, Networking, Security, Servers, Software, Solutions, Storage, Tablets, Thin Clients, Workstations
文章屬性
文章編號: 000211907
文章類型: How To
上次修改時間: 18 7月 2025
版本:  7
向其他 Dell 使用者尋求您問題的答案
支援服務
檢查您的裝置是否在支援服務的涵蓋範圍內。