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Dell PowerEdge FN I/O Module Configuration Guide 9.10(0.0)

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DHCP Packet Format and Options

DHCP uses the user datagram protocol (UDP) as its transport protocol.

The server listens on port 67 and transmits to port 68; the client listens on port 68 and transmits to port 67. The configuration parameters are carried as options in the DHCP packet in Type, Length, Value (TLV) format; many options are specified in RFC 2132. To limit the number of parameters that servers must provide, hosts specify the parameters that they require, and the server sends only those parameters. Some common options are shown in the following illustration.
Figure 1. DHCP packet Format Illustration of the DHCP packet format.

The following table lists common DHCP options.

OptionNumber and Description
Subnet Mask Option 1

Specifies the client’s subnet mask.

Router Option 3

Specifies the router IP addresses that may serve as the client’s default gateway.

Domain Name Server Option 6

Specifies the domain name servers (DNSs) that are available to the client.

Domain Name Option 15

Specifies the domain name that clients should use when resolving hostnames via DNS.

IP Address Lease Time Option 51

Specifies the amount of time that the client is allowed to use an assigned IP address.

DHCP Message Type Option 53
  • 1: DHCPDISCOVER
  • 2: DHCPOFFER
  • 3: DHCPREQUEST
  • 4: DHCPDECLINE
  • 5: DHCPACK
  • 6: DHCPNACK
  • 7: DHCPRELEASE
  • 8: DHCPINFORM
Parameter Request List Option 55

Clients use this option to tell the server which parameters it requires. It is a series of octets where each octet is DHCP option code.

Renewal Time Option 58

Specifies the amount of time after the IP address is granted that the client attempts to renew its lease with the original server.

Rebinding Time Option 59

Specifies the amount of time after the IP address is granted that the client attempts to renew its lease with any server, if the original server does not respond.

End Option 255

Signals the last option in the DHCP packet.


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