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Dell PowerEdge FN I/O Module Configuration Guide 9.10(0.0)

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Assigning an IP Address using DHCP

The following section describes DHCP and the client in a network.

When a client joins a network:
  1. The client initially broadcasts a DHCPDISCOVER message on the subnet to discover available DHCP servers. This message includes the parameters that the client requires and might include suggested values for those parameters.
  2. Servers unicast or broadcast a DHCPOFFER message in response to the DHCPDISCOVER that offers to the client values for the requested parameters. Multiple servers might respond to a single DHCPDISCOVER; the client might wait a period of time and then act on the most preferred offer.
  3. The client broadcasts a DHCPREQUEST message in response to the offer, requesting the offered values.
  4. After receiving a DHCPREQUEST, the server binds the clients’ unique identifier (the hardware address plus IP address) to the accepted configuration parameters and stores the data in a database called a binding table. The server then broadcasts a DHCPACK message, which signals to the client that it may begin using the assigned parameters.

There are additional messages that are used in case the DHCP negotiation deviates from the process previously described and shown in the illustration below.

DHCPDECLINE A client sends this message to the server in response to a DHCPACK if the configuration parameters are unacceptable; for example, if the offered address is already in use. In this case, the client starts the configuration process over by sending a DHCPDISCOVER.
DHCPINFORM A client uses this message to request configuration parameters when it assigned an IP address manually rather than with DHCP. The server responds by unicast.
DHCPNAK A server sends this message to the client if it is not able to fulfill a DHCPREQUEST; for example, if the requested address is already in use. In this case, the client starts the configuration process over by sending a DHCPDISCOVER.
DHCPRELEASE A DHCP client sends this message when it is stopped forcefully to return its IP address to the server.
Figure 1. Assigning Network Parameters using DHCP Illustration of client and server messaging.

Dell Networking OS Behavior : DHCP is implemented in Dell Networking OS based on RFC 2131 and 3046.

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